Angels & Demons by M.C.Escher  
The Lucifer Effect by Philip Zimbardo  
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Resisting Influence

Prepared by Philip Zimbardo and Cindy X. Wang

I.Introduction: Different forms of influence require different strategies and tactics for resisting or neutralizing them
II.How We Are Persuaded
III.Why We Conform: The Power of Groups
IV.Cialdini’s Principles of Social Influence
a. Reciprocity
b. Commitment and Consistency
c. Social Proof
d. Liking
e. Authority
f. Scarcity
V.The Science of Social Influence – Anthony Pratkanis
VI.Cults Want to Own Your Mind and Body
VII.Reversing the Process of Good People Turning Evil: Positive Social Influence and Civic Virtue
VIII.Dr. Z’s 20 Hints About Resisting Unwanted Influences On You
IX.A Ten-Step Program to Build Resistance and Resilience
X.Selected References



©2006-2008, Philip G. Zimbardo



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Faces of the Enemy
What does it take for the citizens of one society to hate the citizens of another society to the degree that they want to segregate them, torment them, even to kill them? It requires a ‘hostile imagination,’ a psychological construction embedded deeply in their minds by propaganda that transforms those others into “The Enemy.”

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